Tacoma+Bridge+(1)

All of us are in AP US history but Kelsey and I are going to be writing the essay since we have Gibbons. Brendan is in Gibbons as well but he is the only engineering student so he will be working on that part of the project. Jillian and Ricky will be working on the presentation. After all aspects of the project are completed, Kelsey and I will analyze the project to make sure the work is distinguished. [] This website is just about the bridge in general and some facts about it.

[] If you could, please research the aerodynamic design flaw discussed in this article in more depth, if possible. Thanks.

> || Authors: || Green, Daniel1 //drgreen@stanford.edu// Unruh, William G.1 //unruh@physics.ubc.ca// || > || Source: || American Journal of Physics. Aug2006, Vol. 74 Issue 8, p706-716. 11p. 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs. || > || Document Type: || Article || > || Subject Terms: || *BRIDGE failures *BRIDGES -- Accidents *STRUCTURAL failures *STRUCTURAL stability *RELIABILITY (Engineering) *DAMPING (Mechanics) TACOMA Narrows Bridge (Tacoma, Wash. : 1940) || > || Geographic Terms: || TACOMA (Wash.) WASHINGTON (State) || > || NAICS/Industry Codes: || 237310 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction || > || Abstract: || The cause of the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge has been a topic of much debate and confusion over the years. Many mischaracterizations of the observed phenomena have limited the understanding of the collapse even though there has always been an abundance of evidence in favor of a negative damping model. Negative damping, or positive feedback, is responsible for large amplitude oscillations in many systems, from musical instruments to the Tacoma Narrows Bridge failure. We discuss some of the more well known examples of positive feedback, and then show how the interaction of the wind with the oscillating bridge, especially the development of large scale vortices above and below the deck of the bridge, led to such a positive feedback instability. We support our model by computational, experimental, and historical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] || > || //Copyright of American Journal of Physics is the property of American Association of Physics Teachers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.// (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) || > || Author Affiliations: || 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada || > || ISSN: || 0002-9505 || > || DOI: || 10.1119/1.2201854 || > || Accession Number: || 21862537 || > || Persistent link to this record (Permalink): || @http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=uid,ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=a9h&AN=21862537 || > ====Record: 2==== > ||~ Authors: || Cardno, Catherine A. || > ||~ Source: || Civil Engineering (08857024). Sep2007, Vol. 77 Issue 9, p16-18. 3p. 1 Color Photograph. || > ||~ Document Type: || Article || > ||~ Subject Terms: || TACOMA Narrows Bridge (Tacoma, Wash. : 1940) BRIDGES -- Washington (State) BRIDGES -- Design & construction BRIDGE failures || > ||~ Geographic Terms: || TACOMA Narrows (Wash.) WASHINGTON (State) || > ||~ NAICS/Industry Codes: || 237310 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction || > ||~ Abstract: || The article reports on the opening of the Tacoma Narrows bridge in Washington State on July 16, 2007. The bridge is called the Galloping Gertie because of its deck's undulations in wind gusts. The original suspension bridge, which was constructed in 1940, collapsed four months after it was officially opened to traffic. The construction team built the bridge on the 1940 bridge's caissons which had not been damaged by the collapse. Its anchorages from the 1940 bridge were also expanded by the engineers so they could be reused. Among the new features added were two 502 feet towers and a 60 feet wide deck with a 33 feet deep truss. || > ||~ ISSN: || 0885-7024 || > ||~ Accession Number: || 26405981 || > ||~ Persistent link to this record (Permalink): || @http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=uid,ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=buh&AN=26405981 || || > ====Record: 3==== > ||~ Source: || World Kid. Apr2003, Vol. 5, pWK12. 2p. 3 Black and White Photographs. || > ||~ Document Type: || Article || > ||~ Subjects: || TACOMA Narrows Bridge (Tacoma, Wash. : 1940) BRIDGE failures || > ||~ Geographic Terms: || TACOMA (Wash.) WASHINGTON (State) UNITED States || > ||~ Abstract: || Discusses the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Tacoma, Washington in 1940. Wind damages to the bridge; Absence of aerodynamic design; Nickname of the bridge. || > ||~ Accession Number: || 11263284 || > ||~ Persistent link to this record (Permalink): || @http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=uid,ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=f5h&AN=11263284 || || || > ====Record: 4==== > ||~ Authors: || Shuster, Laurie A. || > ||~ Source: || Civil Engineering (08857024). Oct2004, Vol. 74 Issue 10, p30-30. 1p. 1 Color Photograph. || > ||~ Document Type: || Article || > ||~ Subjects: || FOOTBRIDGES GIRDERS RESONANT vibration BRIDGES BRIDGE failures TACOMA Narrows Bridge (Tacoma, Wash. : 1940) OPTICAL fiber detectors || > ||~ Geographic Terms: || WASHINGTON (State) || > ||~ Abstract: || Describes a cable-stayed footbridge featuring glass-fiber-reinforced polymer girders designed by the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research to study the occurrence of resonance phenomenon in bridges. Information on the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Washington in July 1940; Effect of the height of girders on bridges; Use of fiber-optic sensors incorporated in the test bridge. || > ||~ ISSN: || 0885-7024 || > ||~ Accession Number: || 14884112 || > ||~ Persistent link to this record (Permalink): || @http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=uid,ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=f5h&AN=14884112 || || || || > ====Record: 5==== > ||~ Authors: || Gottshall, Wendy L. || > ||~ Source: || Civil Engineering (08857024). Oct2000, Vol. 70 Issue 10, p74. 2p. || > ||~ Document Type: || Article || > ||~ Subject Terms: || STRUCTURAL failures BUILDING failures BRIDGE failures || > ||~ Geographic Terms: || WASHINGTON (State) TACOMA (Wash.) TURKEY UNITED States || > ||~ Abstract: || Discusses the ethical implications of the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Washington and structural failures in Turkey. Laws and ethical guidelines established for civil engineers; Consequences of the structural failures; Impact on the reputation of civil engineers responsible for the structures. || > ||~ Full Text Word Count: || 1503 || > ||~ ISSN: || 0885-7024 || > ||~ Accession Number: || 3712001 || > ||~ Persistent link to this record (Permalink): || @http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=uid,ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=buh&AN=3712001 || || || || || > ====Record: 6==== > ||~ Authors: || Cardno, Catherine A. || > ||~ Source: || Civil Engineering (08857024). Sep2007, Vol. 77 Issue 9, p16-18. 3p. 1 Color Photograph. || > ||~ Document Type: || Article || > ||~ Subject Terms: || TACOMA Narrows Bridge (Tacoma, Wash. : 1940) BRIDGES -- Washington (State) BRIDGES -- Design & construction BRIDGE failures || > ||~ Geographic Terms: || TACOMA Narrows (Wash.) WASHINGTON (State) || > ||~ NAICS/Industry Codes: || 237310 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction || > ||~ Abstract: || The article reports on the opening of the Tacoma Narrows bridge in Washington State on July 16, 2007. The bridge is called the Galloping Gertie because of its deck's undulations in wind gusts. The original suspension bridge, which was constructed in 1940, collapsed four months after it was officially opened to traffic. The construction team built the bridge on the 1940 bridge's caissons which had not been damaged by the collapse. Its anchorages from the 1940 bridge were also expanded by the engineers so they could be reused. Among the new features added were two 502 feet towers and a 60 feet wide deck with a 33 feet deep truss. || > ||~ ISSN: || 0885-7024 || > ||~ Accession Number: || 26405981 || > ||~ Persistent link to this record (Permalink): || @http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=uid,ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=buh&AN=26405981 || || || || || || > ====Record: 7==== > ||~ Source: || World Kid. Apr2003, Vol. 5, pWK12. 2p. 3 Black and White Photographs. || > ||~ Document Type: || Article || > ||~ Subjects: || TACOMA Narrows Bridge (Tacoma, Wash. : 1940) BRIDGE failures || > ||~ Geographic Terms: || TACOMA (Wash.) WASHINGTON (State) UNITED States || > ||~ Abstract: || Discusses the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Tacoma, Washington in 1940. Wind damages to the bridge; Absence of aerodynamic design; Nickname of the bridge. || > ||~ Accession Number: || 11263284 || > || || > ||~ Persistent link to this record (Permalink): || @http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=uid,ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=f5h&AN=11263284 || > || || > ||~ Cut and Paste: || The Tacoma Narrows (WA) Bridge Disaster. || || || || || || ||
 * Brittany's Research**
 * **Record: 1**
 * Title: || The failure of the Tacoma Bridge: A physical model. ||
 * ~ Title: || New Tacoma Narrows Bridge Officially Opens. ||
 * ~ Title: || The Tacoma Narrows (WA) Bridge Disaster. ||
 * ~ Title: || Full-Scale Model Bridge Will Test Sensors and Monitors. ||
 * ~ Title: || Competence or Collapse. ||
 * ~ Title: || New Tacoma Narrows Bridge Officially Opens. ||
 * ~ Title: || The Tacoma Narrows (WA) Bridge Disaster. ||

Ricky's video: This is a video of the actual bridge falling. []